Development of cognitive activity of preschoolers through didactic games

Abstract

In the modern system of preschool education, focused on individualization and comprehensive personal development, the problem of enhancing children's cognitive activity becomes particularly significant. In accordance with the Federal State Educational Standard for Preschool Education and the Federal Educational Program for Preschool Education, the formation of cognitive interests and cognitive actions of a child in various activities is one of the key tasks. Didactic play, as the leading teaching method in preschool age, has significant potential for the development of perception, attention, thinking, memory and imagination. The article presents the results of a study aimed at developing the cognitive activity of children aged 4-5 years through didactic games. The experimental work was conducted in three stages (initial assessment, formative stage, and final assessment) at Preschool Educational Institution No. 15 «Scarlet Flower» in Neryungri. Sixteen children from the middle group participated in the study. During the formative stage, the original «Poznavaika» program, aimed at developing cognitive activity through didactic games, was developed and tested. The reliability of the obtained results was confirmed using the Wilcoxon t-test, which revealed statistically significant differences between the results of the ascertaining and control stages.